『Naked Economics』要約

Charles Wheelan’s Naked Economics: Undressing the Dismal Science is a plain-language introduction to economic reasoning, first published in 2002 and later updated in editions that address the 2008 financial crisis. Wheelan, a former correspondent for The Economist, organizes the book around core concepts rather than equations: incentives, markets, productivity, the role of government, information asymmetry, and behavioral economics. A central framework is the power of incentives, illustrated through examples like the design of seat belts and the unintended consequences of well-meaning policies. Wheelan explains how markets coordinate activity through prices, using the analogy of the invisible hand, and argues that productivity—output per worker—is the fundamental driver of long-run living standards. He devotes attention to the financial system, describing how banks and capital markets channel savings to investment, and to the Federal Reserve’s role in managing inflation and recessions. The book addresses information problems, notably the “lemons” problem in used-car markets and its implications for regulation and reputation. Wheelan covers trade and globalization, explaining comparative advantage while acknowledging distributional losers. He examines development economics, asking why some nations remain poor, and discusses behavioral economics, including how people deviate from pure rationality. He also explores the economics of government, emphasizing that politicians face incentives too, and the challenges of public goods and externalities. Wheelan’s approach is anecdotal and accessible, drawing on real-world cases rather than formal models. The title reflects his aim to strip economics of jargon and reveal its underlying logic. The book is widely used as a supplementary text in introductory courses and is aimed at general readers seeking economic literacy without technical prerequisites.